Source: Baidu Library
Author: fengshenwei town
Abstract: in China's traditional ideological and cultural treasure house, there are many ideas about ecological environment protection. Confucianism has the idea of "the unity of heaven and man", Taoism has the idea of advocating nature and following nature, and Buddhism has the theory of origin and the commandment of abstaining from killing and protecting students. Both emphasize the harmonious relationship between man, nature and society, and provide mankind with profound wisdom. Today, with the rapid growth of science and technology, economy and people's material life, but the serious deterioration of the ecological environment, it is increasingly showing its unique value.
Key words: traditional culture, ecological environment protection concept, harmony between man and nature, law, nature, pleasure, and emotional enlightenment
With the rapid development of modern productive forces, human demand for ecosystems has increased sharply, causing human beings to constantly demand from nature on a large scale, leading to a series of ecological environment crises in the current society, such as air pollution, water quality deterioration, climate warming, species extinction, energy crisis, resource scarcity and so on. How to overcome this crisis is an important topic faced by the current human society. In the vast and profound treasure house of traditional culture in China, there are many ideas about ecological environment protection, which are worth learning from for modern mankind.
1. Harmony between man and nature -- Confucian ecological and environmental protection concept
1.1 the unity of heaven and man is the philosophical basis of Confucian environmental protection thought
Confucianism believes that "heaven" is a nature with independent operating laws, and nature itself is a living body. Man is generated by heaven and earth and an existence in the natural order. All existence depend on each other to form a whole. It emphasizes that man and the natural environment are closely connected and harmonious. This is the idea of "the unity of heaven and man". Confucianism advocates "the unity of heaven and man", symbiosis and common prosperity, and opposes both "Anthropocentrism" and "natural centrism", advocating the harmonious unity of the two. It points out that the relationship between man and nature is not antagonistic, but harmonious coexistence. "To neutralize, the position of heaven and earth, and the cultivation of all things". When people live in nature, they must deal with the relationship between people and nature according to the principle of "Neutralization", so as to maintain the vitality and harmony of nature and the ecological balance of natural environment. This provides a rich ideological basis for modern humans to correctly coordinate the relationship between man and nature.
1.2 it is the behavior rule of Confucian environmental protection thought to control desires
Confucianism advocates that people should control their desires, so as to reasonably develop and utilize resources, and make the production and development of natural resources enter a virtuous cycle. Confucianism has always opposed the abuse of resources, and put forward the conservation theory of "saving and loving, so that the people can use time" and the biological coordination theory of "cutting trees in time, killing animals in time", "all things have their own harmony to live, and each has its own upbringing to become" and "when the grass and trees are prosperous and prosperous, the axe will not enter the mountains, will not be young, and will not feel its growth". It shows that human beings should follow the laws of nature. Only by banning hair and heavy things, can everything live normally according to its laws, and can there be inexhaustible living resources.
1.3 benevolence is the value of Confucian environmental protection thought
Confucianism believes that we should take a friendly attitude towards all things and establish a loving relationship between man and nature. Man cannot only take and conquer nature. He must regard nature as a friend of mankind and cherish nature as a friend. Dong Zhongshu pointed out in the law of benevolence and righteousness in the spring and Autumn period that "the essence is to love the people, and the following is the love of birds, animals and insects. If you don't love, it's enough to say benevolence". It can be seen that Confucianism has raised the care for the natural environment to a moral height, advocating the care for nature, following natural laws, and saving natural resources.
2. Taoism follows nature -- Taoist environmental protection concept
2.1 respect life and treat everything well
Taoism believes that natural ecosystems have regularity, which is "Tao". Everything in the universe, including heaven and earth, all things and people, is produced from "Tao". Although everything is different, it is an interdependent organic whole system under the domination of Tao. This "Tao" is not only the father of all things, but also the beginning of all things, but also the source of renewal. It conveys to people an idea of equality between man and all things in nature, and points out that only by respecting life and treating all things well, can human beings in the universe, such as heaven, earth and man, achieve the harmonious unity of natural ecology, so as to achieve a good situation of coordinated development between man and natural ecological environment.
2.2 advocate nature and follow nature
Taoist thought believes that the characteristic of "Tao" is natural inaction, so people should follow the Tao and let nature, and human activities should also be carried out according to natural laws. Taoism puts forward that "man follows the earth, the earth follows the heaven, the heaven follows the Tao, and the Tao follows the nature", and points out that human beings should "follow the heaven, act with five virtues, and respond with nature". That is to say, people should conform to the law of the way of heaven to regulate their behavior. People and all things in nature coexist and prosper together, emphasizing the ecological balance between heaven, earth and people. Advocating nature is the basic feature of Taoism. The concept of advocating nature is of great practical significance for the establishment of contemporary environmental protection consciousness and the rational and moderate development and utilization of resources.
2.3 harmony with all things
Lao Tzu said, "the Tao generates one, two, two, three, three, all things, all things negative Yin and embrace Yang, rush Qi to think of harmony", "the Tao of heaven, damage is more than enough and make up for deficiencies"; Zhuang Zi also proposed, "heaven and earth coexist with me, and all things are one with me". All reflect the pursuit of the unity of man and nature and the unity of man and nature. In other words, all things in the universe are closely connected by Tao, interact and interact with each other, and become one, harmonious and balanced. The environmental ethics triggered by Taoism is a rational attitude of harmony and unity and returning to nature. It is of great significance to protect "nature" by learning the way of human survival and development from nature and consciously maintaining ecological harmony.
3 Tetra Pak sentient - Buddhist ecological environmental protection concept
3.1 The Origin Thought of "this is why there is another, this life is why there is another"
The foundation of Buddhist environmental protection concept comes from the origin theory in Buddhism. As the fundamental doctrine of Buddhism, the theory of origin believes that all phenomena and forms are caused and synthesized, not isolated. All karma methods, "this has so that there is, this life so that there is, this has no reason that there is, this perishes so that perishes", follow a certain law of causality, which is a relationship of harmony and symbiosis. Everything in nature is integrated and interconnected, and the world is an indivisible whole. Therefore, when we develop resources and economy, we should consider the possible negative impacts, especially the impact on ecological balance and environmental protection, take into account others and even future generations, and consider the sustainability of development.
3.2 caring for nature and abstaining from killing nursing students
Buddhism advocates treating all living creatures well, abstaining from killing and protecting them, and repaying the kindness of all living beings. Buddhists believe that all things have Buddha nature and their own value, advocate ruthlessness and nature, cherish nature, emphasize the equality of all living beings, respect life, and require to treat all living creatures kindly and refrain from killing each other. "Great wisdom theory" records: "among all crimes, the crime of killing is the heaviest; among all merits and virtues, not killing is the first". It can be seen from this that the ideas of abstaining from killing and releasing animals, cherishing nature, protecting ecological balance and cherishing happiness and contentment are one of the important concepts of Buddhist environmental protection.
3.3 Mahayana thought of solemnity, land and happiness
Pure land is the ideal concept of Buddhist environmental protection. The Buddhist community advocates the Mahayana thought of "solemn land, happiness and love", and believes that only when all sentient beings are pure, the land will be solemn and clean. It reflects the setting of ideal ecological environment by Buddhist believers. The highest ideal of Buddhist believers is to promote people to the paradise. The paradise is in good order, with green trees in rows, birds singing and flowers fragrant, and full of peace. It can be seen that the paradise of Buddhism contains rich ecological content and also shows people a beautiful living environment.
4 enlightenment of ecological environmental protection concept in traditional culture to modern environmental protection work
The Confucian thought of "harmony between man and nature" emphasizes the unified and harmonious relationship between man and nature, warning people that protecting the environment and nature is to protect human beings themselves. Guide people to correctly understand and deal with the relationship between people, people and society, people and nature, local interests and overall interests, immediate interests and long-term interests. The environmental ethics triggered by Taoism's "imitating nature" advocates a rational attitude of treating nature well, learning from nature and following the way of nature, and reminds people to learn from nature the way of human survival and development, care for nature, and consciously maintain ecological harmony. Buddhism's environmental protection concepts and practices such as "this is why there is another, this life is why there is another", "do not kill", "protect life", "vegetarian" warn people to pay attention to the sustainability of development, Cherish nature, save energy, rationally develop and utilize natural resources, protect ecological balance, and strive to create an environment in which human beings and nature coexist harmoniously. It can be seen that in China's traditional ideology and culture, Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism all emphasize that human beings should live in harmony with nature and society, and that human beings should be kind to nature, love nature, follow natural laws, and save natural resources, which plays an important role in solving modern environmental crisis and strengthening modern people's awareness of ecological environment.
5 Conclusion
Joseph Needham, a British scholar, believes that "science in the fullest sense of being born from within" is preserved in Chinese traditional culture. In January 1988, Nobel laureates from all over the world gathered in Paris. They issued a declaration saying: "if human beings want to live in the 21st century, they must look back 2500 years and absorb Confucius' wisdom". It can be seen that China's broad and profound traditional culture has an important influence all over the world. The promotion of modern ecological environmental protection, inspired by the traditional environmental protection concepts with Chinese characteristics, such as "the unity of nature and man", "the law of nature" and "being happy and affectionate", has important enlightenment significance for the implementation of the sustainable development strategy and the construction of an "environment-friendly" society.